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 Post subject: hemoglobin & Oxygen
PostPosted: Sat May 30, 2015 10:21 am 
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A number of factors affect Oxygen transport in the blood. Likewise the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen also is affected by a number of factors and they are:

1) blood pH . . . .pH can alter hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen. Increase pH (alkaline) causes an increase in affinity while acidity decreases hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen.

2) Pco2


3) temperature . . . . . temperature has a marked increase on hemoglobin affinity to oxygen. A high metabolic temperature plus increased H+ ions (as during racing) stimulates hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen and promotes release of oxygen from hemoglobin. Temperature of blood in the lungs on the other hand is reduced by the ventilation mechanism slightly when compared to core body temperature. Along with a decreased temperature in the lungs, one has a higher pH due to a loss of carbon dioxide from exhalation. Both of these promote loading of oxygen in the hemoglobin.


4) 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) . . . . . there are several substances that can combine with hemoglobin tht help reduce the high affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen allowing better oxygen release in the blood. They include 2,3-DPG, H+, and CO2. All of these can bind to hemoglobin to reduce its affinity for oxygen allowing hemoglobin to be "squeezed" of its oxygen. It is interesting to note that in the process of blood doping or packing, that stored red blood cells will often have its 2,3-DPG levels very low when the blood is reintroduced back into the athlete for the first few hours until that substance can be restored to normal levels by the body.


5) carbon monoxide . . . . . this compound can combine to hemoglobin at a rate of 210x the affinity that oxygen has for it resulting in poisoning.

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